Advanced phase CML: Factors influencing long-term survival after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Key clinical point: Among patients with advanced phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), long-term survival after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was influenced by donor age, CD34⁺ cell dose in the graft, and blast crisis (BC) at HSCT.

Major finding: At 15 years, overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival were 34% (95% confidence interval [CI], 22%-46%) and 26% (95% CI, 16%-36%), respectively. Donor age above 36 years (hazard ratio [HR], 1.74; P = .02), BC at HSCT (HR, 1.85; P = .01), and lower CD34⁺ cell dose in the graft (HR using continuous variables, 1.12; HR using categorical variables, 2.14; both P < .01) were associated with inferior OS.

Study details: Findings are from a retrospective analysis of 147 patients with advanced CML (BC, n=37; accelerated phase, n=40; second or higher chronic phase, n=70) who underwent HSCT between 1990 and 2018.

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Disclosures: Open Access funding was enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. The authors declared no conflict of interests.

Source: Niederwieser C et al. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2021 Jul 30. doi: 10.1038/s41409-021-01410-x.